贝灵恩的后矿业设计林堡省比利时

be-MINE 项目将比利时贝灵恩市原有的硬煤矿进行了再利用。其现有的保护建筑面积达10hm2，是佛兰德地区工业遗产荟萃之地。这里的采煤业始于1922 年，鼎盛时期雇有6796 名矿工，1987 年关闭。时至今日，这里的特色是已被列为遗迹的高大雄伟的建筑：两座矿坑、一座洗煤厂和发电厂。尽管每座建筑都面对着承载新功能的挑战，但历史的遗产为其增添了价值，并构成了be-MINE 项目独一无二的卖点。

在煤矿关闭后，遗址衰败了20 余年。除了志愿者（原先的煤矿工人）开办的一座小博物馆之外，遗址凄凄切切、与世隔绝，成为该地区后矿业复兴失败的象征。2009 年，发展商LRM 公司、Ciril公司、Van Roey 房地产公司通过一个PPP 项目发起行动，与贝灵恩市和林堡省紧密合作，启动了这个复兴项目。

今天，这些建筑和开放空间获得了新的生命。原来40hm2的煤矿与贝灵恩的城市肌理通过旧工业建筑内外的居住区（5hm2）、购物区（1.8hm2，2016 年度购物区类获奖项目，比利时卢森堡购物中心委员会）、学校及全天候多日娱乐区（5hm2）的均衡混合重新连接起来。该娱乐区包括一个室内跳水和攀岩中心、游泳池、山地车道、地方遗产体验线路、旅游办事处、冒险游乐场以及原先“废料堆”上的地标建筑。后者是2016年世界最佳景观项目（世界景观建筑奖，WLA）。不久之后还会建造一座酒店及大量餐饮设施。2017 年，be-MINE 荣获国际房地产职业人市场（MIPIM）“最佳城市再生项目”奖。总规划由UAU Collectiv 负责；每个子项目都是设计竞赛的一个主题，并由不同的建筑师实施。

be-MINE 项目为城市和地区带来了多种益处。它有助于通过再利用保护工业遗产、为周边地区带来服务和基础设施提升，并容纳在ELA 三角区（埃因霍芬、鲁汶和亚琛）中心的贝灵恩不断增长的人口。be-MINE 项目将提供多达400 个新住宅单元，并创造了300 个工作岗位，未来预计总数将达到500 个岗位。be-MINE 项目显著促进了城市的经济结构调整——这座城市在矿业衰落之后，失业率曾长期高于佛兰德地区的平均值，直到最近才有所改善。最后，很重要的一点是，该项目推动了正在发展中的地区娱乐经济。林堡省拥有多个国家公园和一条连接7 座矿业遗址、人称“运煤铁道”的高质量自行车网络——而be-MINE 项目是其中一颗闪亮的明珠。□

1 全景/Overall view（图片来源/Sources: Easycopters）

2 鸟瞰/Aerial view（图片来源/Sources: Easycopters）

3 设计转型前/Before designing transformation

4 设计转型意向/Designing transformation image（绘图/Rendering: UAU Collectiv）

5-7 be-MINE的自行车活动/Cycling in be-MINE

The be-MINE project redevelops a former colliery of hard coal mining in the city of Beringen,Belgium. Containing 10hm2of existing listed floor surface, it is by far the biggest concentration of industrial heritage in Flanders. Mining started here in 1922, employed 6,796 miners in its heydays and closed down in 1987. Till today, the site is characterised by its monumental and majestic buildings listed as monuments: two pitheads, a coal washery and power plant. Even though each building constitutes a challenge to house new functions, the historic legacies add value and make-up the unique selling point of the be-MINE project.

After the colliery's closure, the site was falling apart for more than two decades. Besides a small museum ran by volunteers (former coal mining workers), the site was desolate and isolated, being a symbol for the failure of post-mining revitalisation in the region. In 2009, the developers LRM NV,Ciril NV, Van Roey Vastgoed NV, took initiative throughout a PPP-project in close cooperation with the city of Beringen and the Province of Limburg,and launched the project of revitalisation.

Today, the buildings and open spaces obtain new life. The 40hm2of the former colliery are reconnected to the urban fabric of Beringen through a balanced mix of residential developments (5hm2),a retail park (1.8hm2, winner 2016 of the category Retail Parks, Belgian Luxembourg Council of Retail and Shopping Centres), a school and a multiday all-weather leisure offer (5hm2), in and around the former industrial buildings. The latter consists of an indoor diving and climbing centre, a swimming pool, a mountain bike trail, a provincial heritage experience route, a tourism office, an adventurous play-scape and landmark on the former "terril".The latter was awarded as the best landscape project of the world in 2016 (the World Landscape Architecture Award, WLA). Soon, there will be also a hotel and extensive F&B facilities. In 2017, be-MINE has won the MIPIM (Le marché international des professionnels de l’immobilier ) award for the category of "best urban regeneration project". The head master planner are "UAU Collectiv"; every sub-project was topic of design competitions and realised by different architects.

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